母乳喂养对妈妈长期的好处：
1. 有证据表明，母乳喂养能够降低卵巢癌的风险
2. 降低妈妈患乳腺癌的风险，特别是对绝经期前的女性。
针对来自30个国家的流行病学研究发现，在每生产一个孩子降低7%乳腺癌风险的基础上，每哺乳12个月能够降低乳腺癌风险4.3%
3. 有一定的证据表明，哺乳能够降低有妊娠期糖尿病史的女性患二型糖尿病的概率。
4.可能降低绝经后髋部骨折风险。
一生中总的母乳喂养时间和骨质疏松症之间的关系的证据不足。
对家庭和社会的好处：
主要是经济方面的好处，少看病，少花钱，节约社会医疗资源。减少住院时间，增加有效劳动力。
母乳的开销非常小而且很稳定，每天1-2升水，和每天消耗大约1000卡的能量。
配方奶对水和能源的消耗很大，milk大概制造了2.7%的 全球温室效应的气体。
母乳需要很少的灭菌处理。
在1992年，澳洲女性的母乳产值大概值2.2亿美元，大概相当于 0.5% 的GDP, 或者 6% 的家庭饮食支出。
2001年，如果美国的母乳喂养的水平达到了美国外科医生协会推荐的水平（75%的院内哺乳，50%在六个月时的哺乳率），那么保守估算，仅仅在儿童的中耳炎，肠胃炎，小肠结肠炎这三种疾病上，将 节约3.6亿美元的开销 。类似的，在2002年，如果没有母乳喂养，仅仅在澳洲的几个州的首府城市，仅仅在五中儿童疾病上，将多支出100-200万美元 。
更近期的一个分析发现，如果90%的美国家庭能够遵守关于纯母乳喂养六个月的建议，美国每年将节省12亿美元，和免去每年911个婴儿的死亡。
关于母乳喂养好处的系统综述非常多，比如文献（1,2,26,27）。
有人说，我们是不是把母乳喂养看得太重要了？不说别的，不母乳喂养，每年要多花那么多那么多亿美金，多让那么多孩子受病痛，多让很多新生儿死去 或者莫名其妙死去（比如新生儿猝死综合症）。
有什么理由不强调和重视母乳喂养呢？
怎么重视，怎么保护，怎么支持都是应该的，因为，母乳喂养对孩子，对母亲，对家庭，对社会，有很多很多客观的好处。况且支持母乳喂养又不用什么投资，而是节约大笔资金的，为什么不高度重视？
美国官方有说过，母乳喂养已经不再是关系到个人的选择，而是关系整个社会的，有着重大公共卫生意义的事。
参考文献（仅给出了长期好处的文献）：
1.Horta Bl, Bahl R, martines Jc, Victora cg. evidence on the long-term effects of breastfeeding:systematic reviews and meta-analyses. geneva: world Health organization, 2007
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3. Martin Rm, gunnell d, smith gd. Breastfeeding in infancy and blood pressure in later life: systematicreview and meta-analysis. American Journal of epidemiology 2005;161(1):15–26.
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